Colorado state analysis

Colorado built universal preschool. The educators delivering it earn about half the state's living wage.

A Colorado-only cut of the childcare credential ladder. A graduate of a Colorado bachelor's program in Human Development and Family Studies earns about $29,700 in year one. The single-adult living wage in Colorado is $54,071. The median Colorado lead teacher in a state-subsidized childcare program earns $18.50 an hour; the median Colorado kindergarten teacher earns $37.10 for the same developmental work one year later.

Built from Census Bureau PSEO institution-level earnings for CIP 19.07 (Human Development, Family Studies, and Related Services), the Colorado Department of Early Childhood's CCCAP Teacher Salary Increase page, the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment 2024 OEWS press release, Child Care Aware of America's 2024 Colorado affordability fact sheet, and IPEDS / Colorado Department of Higher Education published tuition for the 2024 – 25 academic year.

CO lead teacher (CCCAP)
$18.50/hour median, CDEC
CO kindergarten teacher
$37.10/hour, CDEC comparison
CO infant center care, annual
CCAoA 2024 Colorado fact sheet
CU Boulder in-state tuition
2024 – 25, full-time undergrad

What this page documents

One empirical claim, three angles. In Colorado, the academic credentials that train the early-childhood workforce do not pay enough to clear a single-adult living wage, and the only credential within reach that does pay enough is one that crosses onto the K – 12 public payroll. This page shows the underlying numbers, by institution and by occupation.

Every chart is built from a public dataset. The methodology section at the bottom lists the file or URL and the exact field used for each number.

Lead teacher vs. kindergarten teacher, same state, same work

The Colorado Department of Early Childhood publishes a direct comparison on its CCCAP Teacher Salary Increase page: the median hourly wage for an early-childhood lead teacher in a Colorado Child Care Assistance Program – participating program is $18.50; the kindergarten teacher comparison wage is $37.10, almost exactly double. The two jobs require the same patience, the same training in early development, and the same long workday with small children. They sit on different sides of a public-school payroll.

Colorado median wages, early-childhood vs. K – 12 educators
CCCAP lead teacher and kindergarten teacher figures from the Colorado Department of Early Childhood. CSCCE 2024 Early Childhood Workforce Index figures (childcare workers, preschool teachers, elementary/middle school teachers) are computed from American Community Survey 2018 – 2022 microdata. Dashed red line on the institution chart is the single-adult living wage for Colorado from the MIT Living Wage Calculator.

The implication. Inside Colorado, the credential market this workforce comes out of points two ways. A teacher who works with 4-year-olds in a state-subsidized childcare classroom earns half what the same teacher would earn five months later if her students aged into kindergarten. The pay difference is not skill. It is what budget the wage gets paid from.

Colorado institutions training the workforce, by credential level and year-5 earnings

Each row is a Colorado college that reports earnings to Census PSEO for CIP 19.07 graduates (Human Development, Family Studies, and Related Services). Bars show median earnings five years after graduation, which is the latest stabilized point PSEO publishes; the credential is no longer a fresh diploma, the graduate has had time to climb a wage ladder. The red diamond on each row is the 1-adult living wage for the college's campus county, from the MIT Living Wage Calculator (Feb 2026), so the shortfall is the actual gap a graduate working in that county would face. The pattern: five years out, almost every Colorado graduate of this field still lands well short of a 1-adult, no-children living wage in the county they likely work in.

Sub-Associate Certificate · Year-5 earnings vs single-adult living wage, by Colorado institution
Solid bar: year-5 median annual earnings (Census PSEO-E, 5-year pooled cohort window per institution). Shaded red extension: shortfall to the 1-adult living wage for the campus county. Diamond + number: county living wage and county name (MIT, Feb 2026). Sorted smallest shortfall at top to largest at bottom.
Associate's · Year-5 earnings vs single-adult living wage, by Colorado institution
Solid bar: year-5 median annual earnings. Shaded red extension: shortfall to the 1-adult living wage for the campus county. Diamond: county living wage and county name (MIT, Feb 2026). Sorted smallest shortfall at top to largest at bottom.
Bachelor's · Year-5 earnings vs single-adult living wage, by Colorado institution
Solid bar: year-5 median annual earnings. Shaded red extension: shortfall to the 1-adult living wage for the campus county. Diamond: county living wage and county name (MIT, Feb 2026). Sorted smallest shortfall at top to largest at bottom. Community College of Aurora's bachelor's program is a community-college bachelor's (CCB) and clears the Arapahoe County living wage; it sits closer to the K-payroll band than the rest of the field.

What's striking in Colorado specifically. Colorado's PSEO year-1 medians sit a few thousand dollars above the national medians for the same field. Colorado pays its childcare workforce slightly better than the national average, and the flatness across credential levels still holds. A sub-associate certificate from Pikes Peak State pays about the same as a bachelor's from Trinidad State. The one Colorado institution that breaks the pattern, Community College of Aurora at $48,878 year-1 BA earnings, is offering a community-college bachelor's (CCB) program. That sits closer to the K-payroll wage band than to the CIP 19.07 norm.

Colorado parents pay more for infant care than for in-state college tuition

Child Care Aware of America's 2024 Colorado fact sheet puts the average annual price of center-based infant care in Colorado at $20,978. The U.S. Department of Labor's National Database of Childcare Prices publishes a separate Boulder County figure of $21,000 for 2022 (the latest county-level data). The comparison reference: a year of in-state, full-time tuition at the Colorado Community College System runs about $4,490, and a year at the University of Colorado Boulder runs $13,902 for an in-state undergraduate.

Annual price, infant center-based childcare vs. CO in-state college tuition
Childcare bars (orange): state averages from Child Care Aware of America's 2024 Colorado fact sheet, plus the Boulder County infant-center figure from the U.S. Department of Labor's National Database of Childcare Prices (2022, the latest county-level data). Tuition bars (teal): full-time, in-state, lower-division published rates for the 2024 – 25 academic year.

The pricing problem. A Colorado family pays roughly 4.7× the cost of a year of community college, or 1.5× the cost of a year at CU Boulder, to send one infant to center-based care. Families are at the ceiling of what they can pay, and that ceiling is what determines what providers can pay their workforce. The Colorado colleges training that workforce can do nothing about it from inside their CIP code.

Every number, with its source

Colorado PSEO CIP 19.07: institution × credential × first-year median
Source: Census Bureau Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes, all-institutions experimental release, aggregation level 42, industry-all rollup. Each row pools a 5-year graduation cohort window per institution to clear Census privacy suppression.
Institution Cert y1 AS y1 BA y1 BA y5 In-state tuition 2024 – 25
Colorado wage and price anchors
FigureValueSource

How this page was built

PSEO earnings (Colorado institutions, CIP 19.07)

Source: Census Bureau Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes (PSEO-E), all-institutions experimental release. Rows filtered to cip_level = 4, cipcode = 19.07, agg_level_pseo = 42 (institution × CIP × degree, pooled cohorts), ind_level = A (industry-all rollup), degree_level ∈ {01, 02, 03}. Restricted further to institutions whose institution_state = CO. Each cell represents a 5-year graduation cohort window pooled at one institution; cells suppressed by Census privacy rules are dropped.

County living wage (per institution)

Source: MIT Living Wage Calculator, 1 Adult / 0 Children, last updated February 15, 2026. Each Colorado institution is mapped to the county of its primary campus, and the diamond on the institution chart shows that county's living wage. For multi-campus systems, the user-anchored county is used (Front Range Community College is anchored to Boulder County). The mapping:

Colorado ECE vs kindergarten wage comparison

Source: Colorado Department of Early Childhood, CCCAP Teacher Salary Increase. CDEC publishes the comparison directly: median hourly wage of an early-childhood lead teacher in a CCCAP-participating Colorado program is $18.50; kindergarten teacher comparison wage is $37.10. The annual conversion uses a 2,080-hour work year for ECE staff who typically work year-round. K – 12 teacher annual pay reflects state-published district scales rather than hourly, so the comparison on this page is presented hourly to keep the units honest.

Cross-references: UC Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment, Early Childhood Workforce Index 2024 – Colorado (childcare workers $13.36/hr, preschool teachers $16.19/hr, elementary/middle school teachers $29.11/hr, all from ACS 2018 – 2022); Colorado Department of Labor and Employment, Colorado Occupational Employment and Wages 2024 (statewide median wage across all occupations $27.99/hr, $58,212/year).

Colorado childcare prices

State averages from Child Care Aware of America, 2024 Colorado Child Care Affordability fact sheet: $20,978 average annual price for an infant in center-based care, $17,479 for a toddler in center-based care, $13,666 for an infant in family child care. Two-child reference (infant plus 4-year-old) is $35,779. Boulder County infant center-based price ($21,000/year, $404/week) is from the U.S. Department of Labor Women's Bureau National Database of Childcare Prices, 2022 release (the latest county-level cycle).

Colorado public tuition (2024 – 25)

Source: institution-published full-time, in-state, lower-division tuition rates for the 2024 – 25 academic year. The Colorado Community College System sets a standardized in-district rate across CCCS colleges (Front Range, Community College of Aurora, Community College of Denver, Pikes Peak State, Pueblo, Red Rocks, Arapahoe, Aims, Morgan, Otero, Trinidad State, Lamar, Northeastern Junior, Colorado Northwestern). Four-year publics post their own rates. Cross-referenced against IPEDS IC2023 academic-year tuition fields where available.

What this page is not

This is not a causal estimate of the return to a bachelor's degree in Colorado. Graduates who self-select into CIP 19.07 differ from the general college population in ways PSEO cannot observe. The descriptive fact is what the page documents: conditional on completing a credential in this field at a Colorado institution, the first-year earnings distribution barely moves across credential levels, and lands well below both the Colorado median wage and the single-adult Colorado living wage. PSEO and OEWS both reflect wage-and-salary employment reported to state unemployment insurance systems; family child care providers and other self-employed workers in this field are not captured.